Researchers developed a web-based tool for rapidly identifying genes regulating plant traits without experiments. Using machine learning on vast datasets, the tool predicts transcription factors that control traits like seed oil biosynthesis. This approach can be applied to various crops, streamlining genetic improvements for food and biofuel production.
Plants utilize the drought hormone abscisic acid (ABA) to block spider mites, a major pest, by closing stomata within hours of infestation. This response, typically for water conservation, also prevents mites from accessing nutrients. These findings, using the ABACUS2 biosensor, may guide future crop breeding for enhanced pest resistance.
An international team has sequenced the genomes of Zygnema algae, the closest relatives of land plants. This breakthrough illuminates how early plants adapted to terrestrial environments 550 million years ago, paving the way for all land-based life, including humans. The findings offer insights into plant evolution and potential applications in bioenergy and climate resilience.
Scientists have discovered how a sugar-sensing protein, KIN10, controls plant growth and oil production by acting as a molecular switch. When sugar levels are high, KIN10 activates pathways for growth and oil production. Understanding this mechanism could help engineer plants for increased oil production, potentially benefiting biofuel development.
Researchers have devised a plant regeneration method by manipulating gene expression to control cell differentiation, eliminating the need for external growth regulators. This innovation promises simpler and more cost-effective development of genetically modified plants, potentially revolutionizing agriculture and biotechnology while addressing food scarcity challenges.
Pioneering research delves into plant immune system mechanics, spotlighting the role of callose in intercellular communication via plasmodesmata (PD). Their study, comparing detection methods for callose accumulation, sheds light on plant defense strategies. These findings promise standardized techniques for enhanced plant disease management.
Researchers have uncovered a genetic anomaly in tomato plants, revealing a “parallel universe” where sticky defense sugars, called acylsugars, are found in both leaves and roots. This discovery not only sheds light on plant evolution but also offers insights for developing natural pesticides.
Researchers have enhanced CRISPR, enabling precise insertion of large gene segments into higher plant DNA efficiently. By adding an exonuclease to CRISPR, they prevent DNA repair enzymes from interfering, increasing successful gene insertions. This method promises advanced plant breeding and targeted gene function studies.
Researchers utilize AI to engineer plants combatting climate change. Deep learning software, SLEAP, analyzes plant traits, expediting the design of carbon-capturing plants. By optimizing root systems, plants draw more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Bioscientists contribute to a global study, creating a comprehensive “tree of life” for flowering plants, including crucial insights into the evolution of cruciferous plants. Drawing from extensive botanical collections and genetic analyses, researchers shed light on plant origins and relationships, aiding conservation efforts amidst climate change.
